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Suggested Hikes
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Whether you’re here for an hour or an afternoon, take advantage of all that Devils Tower has to offer! Due to limited parking available at the visitor center lot, here are some great hikes that begin from the picnic area lot.
Amphitheater Circuit:
This is a 1.5-mile (2.4 km), counter-clockwise loop of Valley View, Red Beds, and South Side trails. From the amphitheater, turn right to follow Valley View Trail until you reach the junction with Red Beds Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). Turn left and walk along Red Beds Trail until you reach the junction with South Side Trail (0.3 mi/0.5 km). Turn left again and follow South Side Trail back to amphitheater. In this direction, the steep elevation change is going downhill. Hike the loop clockwise, starting on South Side Trail, if you want to climb the steep portion up to Red Beds.
Length: 1.5 miles (2.4 km) roundtrip
Elevation Change: One section of steep elevation change (South Side Trail)
Road Crossing: You will cross the road once on Valley View Trail and once on South Side Trail
Features: Great views of prairie dog town, the Tower, and the Belle Fourche River valley
Tower Trail:
Due to the popularity of this trail and the limited parking capacity, we recommend hiking Tower Trail on weekdays or before 10 am / after 3 pm.
This is a 1.5-mile (2.4 km), counter-clockwise loop of Valley View, Red Beds, and South Side trails. From the amphitheater, turn right to follow Valley View Trail until you reach the junction with Red Beds Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). Turn left and walk along Red Beds Trail until you reach the junction with South Side Trail (0.3 mi/0.5 km). Turn left again and follow South Side Trail back to amphitheater. In this direction, the steep elevation change is going downhill. Hike the loop clockwise, starting on South Side Trail, if you want to climb the steep portion up to Red Beds.
Length: 1.5 miles (2.4 km) roundtrip
Elevation Change: One section of steep elevation change (South Side Trail)
Road Crossing: You will cross the road once on Valley View Trail and once on South Side Trail
Features: Great views of prairie dog town, the Tower, and the Belle Fourche River valley
Tower Trail:
Due to the popularity of this trail and the limited parking capacity, we recommend hiking Tower Trail on weekdays or before 10 am / after 3 pm.
Amphitheater to Visitor Center Out-and-Back:
This is a 1.3-mile (2.1 km) hike up to the visitor center parking lot via South Side Trail and Red Beds Trail. Start at the amphitheater and hike up South Side Trail (0.6 mi/1km). At the junction with Red Beds Trail, turn left. Follow Red Beds Trail up to the visitor center parking lot (0.7 mi/1.1 km). From here, you can cross the parking lot and hike the Tower Trail , adding on a 1.3 mile (2 km) loop. To return, hike back down Red Beds Trail and turn right at the junction with South Side Trail. Walk along South Side Trail to the amphitheater.
Length: 2.6 miles (4.2 km) roundtrip, 3.9 miles (6.2 km) with Tower Trail loop
Elevation Change: Significant
Road Crossing: You will cross the road on South Side Trail
Features: Gorgeous views of the Belle Fourche River valley, up-close views of the geologic formations, and breath-taking views of the Tower
This is a 1.3-mile (2.1 km) hike up to the visitor center parking lot via South Side Trail and Red Beds Trail. Start at the amphitheater and hike up South Side Trail (0.6 mi/1km). At the junction with Red Beds Trail, turn left. Follow Red Beds Trail up to the visitor center parking lot (0.7 mi/1.1 km). From here, you can cross the parking lot and hike the Tower Trail , adding on a 1.3 mile (2 km) loop. To return, hike back down Red Beds Trail and turn right at the junction with South Side Trail. Walk along South Side Trail to the amphitheater.
Length: 2.6 miles (4.2 km) roundtrip, 3.9 miles (6.2 km) with Tower Trail loop
Elevation Change: Significant
Road Crossing: You will cross the road on South Side Trail
Features: Gorgeous views of the Belle Fourche River valley, up-close views of the geologic formations, and breath-taking views of the Tower
South Side to Red Beds Loop:
This is a 4-mile (6.5 km) hike using South Side Trail to access Red Beds Trail. Start at the amphitheater and hike South Side Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). At the junction with Red Beds, turn left or right and hike the entire Red Beds Trail, which will loop back to the junction. Then take South Side Trail back to amphitheater. Alternatively, you can use Valley View Trail to access Red Beds Trail; this will not affect the distance.
Length: 4 miles (6.5 km) roundtrip
Elevation Change: Significant
Road Crossing: You will cross the road on South Side Trail (or Valley View Trail)
Features: Gorgeous views of the Belle Fourche River valley, up-close views of the geologic formations, and breath-taking views of the Tower
This is a 4-mile (6.5 km) hike using South Side Trail to access Red Beds Trail. Start at the amphitheater and hike South Side Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). At the junction with Red Beds, turn left or right and hike the entire Red Beds Trail, which will loop back to the junction. Then take South Side Trail back to amphitheater. Alternatively, you can use Valley View Trail to access Red Beds Trail; this will not affect the distance.
Length: 4 miles (6.5 km) roundtrip
Elevation Change: Significant
Road Crossing: You will cross the road on South Side Trail (or Valley View Trail)
Features: Gorgeous views of the Belle Fourche River valley, up-close views of the geologic formations, and breath-taking views of the Tower
or
Red Beds to Joyner Ridge:
This is a 4.9-mile (8 km) hike that takes you from Valley View Trail all the way up to Joyner Ridge via Red Beds Trail. Start at the amphitheater and turn right to follow Valley View Trail until you reach the junction with Red Beds Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). Turn right at the Red Beds junction and hike along Red Beds Trail until you reach the connector trail junction (0.5 mi/0.8 km). Turn right to get on the connector trail and hike until you reach the junction with Joyner Ridge Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). Turn right at the junction for a steep climb up to Joyner Ridge; for a slightly easier hike, turn left. Hike the entire Joyner Ridge Trail loop, and return to the connector trail junction. Follow the connector trail for 0.6 miles (1 km), and turn left at the junction with Red Beds Trail. Continue on Red Beds Trail to the junction with Valley View Trail (0.5 mi/0.8 km). Turn left to get on Valley View Trail and return to the amphitheater.
Length: 4.9 miles (8 km) roundtrip
Elevation Change: Moderate, sections of significant elevation change
Road Crossing: You will cross the road on Valley View Trail
Features: Sweeping views of Belle Fourche River valley and surrounding landscape, excellent views of the Tower, variety of landscapes (prairie, forest, red rock)
This is a 4.9-mile (8 km) hike that takes you from Valley View Trail all the way up to Joyner Ridge via Red Beds Trail. Start at the amphitheater and turn right to follow Valley View Trail until you reach the junction with Red Beds Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). Turn right at the Red Beds junction and hike along Red Beds Trail until you reach the connector trail junction (0.5 mi/0.8 km). Turn right to get on the connector trail and hike until you reach the junction with Joyner Ridge Trail (0.6 mi/1 km). Turn right at the junction for a steep climb up to Joyner Ridge; for a slightly easier hike, turn left. Hike the entire Joyner Ridge Trail loop, and return to the connector trail junction. Follow the connector trail for 0.6 miles (1 km), and turn left at the junction with Red Beds Trail. Continue on Red Beds Trail to the junction with Valley View Trail (0.5 mi/0.8 km). Turn left to get on Valley View Trail and return to the amphitheater.
Length: 4.9 miles (8 km) roundtrip
Elevation Change: Moderate, sections of significant elevation change
Road Crossing: You will cross the road on Valley View Trail
Features: Sweeping views of Belle Fourche River valley and surrounding landscape, excellent views of the Tower, variety of landscapes (prairie, forest, red rock)
Pets are not allowed on park trails. We recommend taking leashed pets on a walk along the road to Joyner Ridge trailhead or through the campground. You can walk through the campground even when it is closed to overnight stays.
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The final mystery of 9/11 will soon be solved, according to US experts investigating the collapse of the third tower at the World Trade Center.
The 47-storey third tower, known as Tower Seven, collapsed seven hours after the twin towers.
Investigators are expected to say ordinary fires on several different floors caused the collapse.
Conspiracy theorists have argued that the third tower was brought down in a controlled demolition.
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Unlike the twin towers, Tower Seven was not hit by a plane.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology, based near Washington DC, is expected to conclude in its long-awaited report this month that ordinary fires caused the building to collapse.
That would make it the first and only steel skyscraper in the world to collapse because of fire.
Virtual instruments free download. The National Institute of Standards and Technology's lead investigator, Dr Shyam Sunder, spoke to BBC Two's 'The Conspiracy Files':
'Our working hypothesis now actually suggests that it was normal building fires that were growing and spreading throughout the multiple floors that may have caused the ultimate collapse of the buildings.'
'Smoking gun'
However, a group of architects, engineers and scientists say the official explanation that fires caused the collapse is impossible. Architects and Engineers for 9/11 Truth argue there must have been a controlled demolition.
The Conspiracy Files: 9/11 - The Third Tower is on BBC Two on Sunday 6 July at 2100 BST |
The founder of the group, Richard Gage, says the collapse of the third tower is an obvious example of a controlled demolition using explosives.
'Building Seven is the smoking gun of 9/11. A sixth grader can look at this building falling at virtually freefall speed, symmetrically and smoothly, and see that it is not a natural process.
'Buildings that fall in natural processes fall to the path of least resistance', says Gage, 'they don't go straight down through themselves.'
Conspiracy theories
There are a number of facts that have encouraged conspiracy theories about Tower Seven.
- Although its collapse potentially made architectural history, all of the thousands of tonnes of steel from the skyscraper were taken away to be melted down.
- The third tower was occupied by the Secret Service, the CIA, the Department of Defense and the Office of Emergency Management, which would co-ordinate any response to a disaster or a terrorist attack.
- The destruction of the third tower was never mentioned in the 9/11 Commission Report. The first official inquiry into Tower Seven by the Federal Emergency Management Agency was unable to be definitive about what caused its collapse.
- In May 2002 FEMA concluded that the building collapsed because intense fires had burned for hours, fed by thousands of gallons of diesel stored in the building. But it said this had 'only a low probability of occurrence' and more work was needed.
But now nearly seven years after 9/11 the definitive official explanation of what happened to Tower Seven is finally about to be published in America.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has spent more than two years investigating Tower Seven but lead investigator Dr Shyam Sunder rejects criticism that it has been slow.
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The collapse of Tower 7
'We've been at this for a little over two years and doing a two or two and a half year investigation is not at all unusual. That's the same kind of time frame that takes place when we do aeroplane crash investigations, it takes a few years.'
With no steel from Tower 7 to study, investigators have instead made four extremely complex computer models worked out to the finest detail. They're confident their approach can now provide the answers. Dr Sunder says the investigation is moving as fast as possible.
'It's a very complex problem. It requires a level of fidelity in the modelling and rigour in the analysis that has never been done before.'
Other skyscrapers haven't fully collapsed before because of fire. But NIST argues that what happened on 9/11 was unique.
Steel structure weakened
It says Tower Seven had an unusual design, built over an electricity substation and a subway; there were many fires that burnt for hours; and crucially, fire fighters could not fight the fires in Tower 7, because they didn't have enough water and focused on saving lives.
Investigators have focused on the east side where the long floor spans were under most stress.
They think fires burnt long enough to weaken and break many of the connections that held the steel structure together.
Most susceptible were the thinner floor beams which required less fireproofing, and the connections between the beams and the columns. As they heated up the connections failed and the beams sagged and failed, investigators say.
The collapse of the first of the Twin Towers does not seem to have caused any serious damage to Tower Seven, but the second collapse of the 1,368ft (417m) North Tower threw debris at Tower Seven, just 350ft (106m) away.
Tower Seven came down at 5.21pm. Logic pro x chromebook. Until now most of the photographs have been of the three sides of the building that did not show much obvious physical damage. Now new photos of the south side of the building, which crucially faced the North Tower, show that whole side damaged and engulfed in smoke.
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